About Antonius Lecuona

I studied agriculture at the University of Stellenbosch in South Africa in 1984 and completing my M.Sc Agric. in 1998. . My love for "Controlled Environmental Agriculture" (CEA), started in my third year when I was exposed to the Welgevallen Research Station. There Prof. P.C.Maree showed us what hydroponics consisted of. It was awesome. There were no large tractors involved, no dusty fields, no uncontrollable storms to destroy your crop (well that is what I thought). Since then I put hydroponics to much better use, not just farming. We solved pollution problems by cleaning mines effluent with hydroponics and aquaculture. They were used to remove toxic metals to produce clean water (which we sold and make more money of than the produce). What I learned from 1987 I tried to compile in this website and I hope it is from some value to the serious commercial farmer that wants to take the journey into Commercial Hydroponic Farming.

The basic principles of a good spray program

2021-06-13T13:47:43+02:00By |Crop protection, Diseases, Pests|

Well planned spray programs are more effective than unplanned, random chemical applications. Have you ever considered spraying when there is no pests or diseases? Poorly planned spray programs or not following a spray program has the same effect. It costs a lot of money with no advantage other than the [...]

Angular leaf spot

2024-12-26T12:33:51+02:00By |Diseases|

The disease is found in conditions if high humidity, especially in poor ventilated greenhouses or where the ventilation is not controlled properly. Optimum temperature for disease development is between 24-27°C (75.2 - 80.6°F)Bradbury, J.F. 1967. Pseudomonas lachrymans. Description of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria, No 124. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, England. It [...]

The effect of low intensity radiation on flowering

2020-12-30T12:15:00+02:00By |General|

Changing the length of the dark and light periods is another way of growth control. It is an important aspect of greenhouse culture, especially flowers. Photoperiodic response is a plant's reaction to changes in daylight length or night periods. It influences flowering, bulbing, tuber formation, elongation, leaf abscission, dormancy, bud break, [...]

The effect of high intensity radiation on plant growth in greenhouses.

2021-11-30T17:24:26+02:00By |Cultivation|

High intensity radiation is more common in equatorial regions than cold weather climates. This is because of the angle the sun rays hit the soil surface. It does not mean that the intensity of radiation is lower in South Africa than Nigeria per se. It also depends on the angle [...]

The effect of radiation on growth and yield

2024-12-24T14:13:00+02:00By |Cultivation|

Understanding the effect of radiation on plants will help identify weaknesses in your greenhouse.  The effect of radiation can be divided into three parts; its effect on flowering, on photosynthesis and the temperature and water loss. High light intensity is correlated with temperature and water loss. Flowering is determined by [...]

Basic pest and disease resistance management strategies in greenhouses

2019-04-11T11:28:13+02:00By |Diseases, Pests|

Resistance to chemicals is due to the intense selection pressure exerted on the population that is controlled. There is only a limited number of chemicals that are effective to control pests and diseases. This causes a high intensity selection pressure with limited products with the result that evolution is set [...]

Understanding the greenhouse environment

2020-02-07T15:40:59+02:00By |Greenhouses|

The protected greenhouse environment The greenhouse environment is designed to allow plants to perform close to their genetic optimum so that the grower achieves maximum profit. A greenhouse is designed so that the plant converts sunlight, water and CO2 and minerals into marketable yield. Thus the protected greenhouse environment creates [...]

Trellising cucumbers in greenhouses

2018-05-12T11:15:14+02:00By |Cucumbers|

Trellising and training of greenhouse cucumbers Trellising of cucumbers should not be confused with pruning. They do go hand in hand, but are very different. Trellising is leading the whole plant up the twine in a certain growth direction or pattern while pruning is removing leaves, fruit and growth points [...]

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